Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 19 de 19
Filter
Add filters








Language
Year range
1.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2020 Mar; 68(3): 494-499
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197837

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate age-related changes in macular vessels and their perfusion densities using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: A total of 108 eyes of 54 healthy subjects between the age group of 11 to 60 years having unaided visual acuity of 20/20 were studied on spectral domain OCTS using 3 * 3 mm macula protocol. These subjects were divided into 5 groups; Group 1: 11–20 years, Group 2: 21–30 years, Group 3: 31–40 years, Group 4: 41–50 years, and Group 5: 51–60 years. An early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) grid overlay at the macula was used to calculate changes in different quadrants of the superficial retinal plexus. Results: A total of 98 eyes of 49 patients were considered for the final analysis. The vessel density values decreased from the second to the sixth decade in all four quadrants (except the third decade, where a slight increase was noted). The total vessel density decreased from 168 ± 78 mm-1 (group 1) to 131.47 ± 18.32 mm-1 (group 5). A similar reduction pattern in perfusion density was seen in each quadrant from the second to the sixth decade. The total perfusion density reduced from 309 ± 15.63% (group 1) to 283.05 ± 45.23% (group 5). The foveal avascular zone area was 0.18 ± 0.09 mm2 in group 1, 0.33 ± 0.13 mm2 in group 2, 0.30 ± 0.10 mm2 in group 3, 0.38 ± 0.05 mm2 in group 4, and 0.46 ± 0.06 mm2 in group 5. Conclusion: In our population, macular vessel density appears to decrease noticeably from the fourth decade onwards but a statistically significant decrease was observed only from the fifth decade onwards. However, it was not uniform along with all the quadrants. Similarly, the percentage of perfusion density dropped from the fourth decade but these values also varied among the different quadrants.

2.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Dec; 67(12): 2013-2018
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197650

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To describe the swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) features of regressed macular retinoblastoma (RB). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 13 patients with regressed macular RB with good fixation in at least one eye. Fundus photography and SS-OCT were documented. High-resolution scans with good signal strength were selected. The types of clinical regression and SS-OCT characteristics of the regressed lesions (presence of vitreous detachment, intratumor schisis/cavitation, calcification, foveal dip, and OCT pattern) were noted. Results: Of the 13 eyes, 7 (53%) were group B, 4 (30%) were group C, and 2 (17%) were group D. Lesion involving fovea was seen in seven eyes (53%). On SS-OCT, the lesion was isodense to hyperdense in all cases. Three patterns of regressed RB were noted on OCT. Intralesion calcification was noted in eight cases. Subretinal fluid was not detected in any of the cases. Conclusion: SS-OCT is a useful technology to image and analyze cases of regressed macular RB including large lesions. SS-OCT system helps in successful imaging even in smaller children.

3.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Dec; 67(12): 1974-1980
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197639

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A pilot randomized control trial to compare the efficacy and side effects of intralesional and oral propranolol in periorbital and eyelid capillary hemangiomas. Methods: Twenty patients were prospectively randomized to two groups of ten each. Group 1 was initiated on oral propranolol 1 mg/kg/day titrated to final dose of 3 mg/kg/day over 1 week which was continued for 6 months and then tapered over 1 week; Group 2 received 3 doses of direct intralesional propranolol hydrochloride 1 mg/ml; 0.2 ml/cm 4�6 weeks apart. Hemangioma area and corneal astigmatism were measured. Results: Within each group at 6 months there was a significant reduction in area (group 1: 83.48 � 11.67%,P= 0.0019; group 2: 67.78 � 21.71%,P= 0.0019) and improvement in astigmatism (pre, post: group 1: 2.98D @ 179.8�, 1.13D @ 179.8�,P= 0.0045; group 2: 1.62D @ 90.16�, 0.75D @ 179.9�,P= 0.0001). There was no difference in area reduction (P = 0.056), change in appearance (P = 0.085), ptosis (P = 0.23) and side effects (lethargy, poor feeding;P= 0.171) between the two groups. Conclusion: Efficacy and side effects with intralesional propranolol are comparable to oral propranolol for periorbital and eyelid lesions.

4.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Oct; 67(10): 1723
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197565
5.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Oct; 67(10): 1688-1689
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197540

ABSTRACT

Hands-on resident surgical training for various ocular procedures is essential to impart good surgical skills to the budding ophthalmologists. Here in this report, we demonstrate a simple and inexpensive technique of performing extraocular muscle surgery on goats' eye. These animal eyes possess soft tissue resemblance to that of human eyes to a greater extent in terms of scleral rigidity, muscle elasticity, its width, thickness, and its insertion onto the sclera. Therefore, rectus muscle recession, resection, and plication surgeries can be performed repeatedly to improve an individual's orientation and practical experience before performing the procedure on human eyes.

6.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Oct; 67(10): 1663-1666
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197534

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To ascertain if ultrasound (USG) B-scan examination of the optic nerve head (ONH) can be a useful tool to diagnose and quantify glaucomatous cupping. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 48 eyes of 48 patients with clear ocular media and cup-disc ratio of (CDR) ?0.6 were included. The disc was studied by + 90D examination, USG B-scan and ONH Optical coherence tomography (OCT) by three masked observers. Observer-1 assessed the clinical CDR, observer-2recordedopticcup diameter on USG B-scan and observer-3performed ONH OCT to note the software computed average CDR. Measurements of cupping obtained by these 3 methods were compared and their relative strengths determined. The interdependency between variables was further studied using regression analysis. Results: Clinically assessed disc ratios of 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and total corresponded to USG cup measures of 1.02 ± 0.11 mm, 1.23 ± 0.14 mm, 1.35 ± 0.072 mm, 1.45 ± 0.084 mm, 1.75 ± 0.15 mm and OCT average CDR of 0.62 ± 0.087, 0.68 ± 0.060, 0.75 ± 0.078, 0.81 ± 0.036, 0.89 ± 0.038, respectively. There was an excellent correlation between the three arms, with Pearson's co-efficient (r) of 0.87, P < 0.001 between clinical and USG cupping; r = 0.89, P < 0.001 between clinical and OCT cupping; and r = 0.88, P < 0.001 between USG and OCT cupping. A relation of y = 1.64x + 0.03 was obtained between them, where y stands for USG cup diameter and x stands for the observed clinical CDR. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic measurement of optic cup diameter corresponds well to clinical ONH cupping. Therefore, it can reliably be used in quantifying ONH cupping in cases of media opacities which preclude optic disc visualization.

7.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Aug; 67(8): 1327-1328
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197430

ABSTRACT

Buckling surgery is one of the common procedures performed by the retinal surgeons for visual rehabilitation at the earliest in cases of retinal detachment. The optimal surgical skill in this section can only be achieved with repeated practices and clinical experiences. Here, we describe an easy and inexpensive way to perform, practice, and refine surgical skills by demonstrating this complicated surgery in a simple manner on goat's eyes. The advantages of this technique are real-tissue handling experiences and repeatability of the procedure with almost similar practical implications. Thus, whenever feasible, every attempt should be made to refine the residents or budding ophthalmologists surgical skills by undertaking this technique in their routine curriculum.

8.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Jul; 67(7): 1229-1230
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197410

ABSTRACT

A four-year-old child with a clinical diagnosis of unilateral congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles (CFEOM) was planned for inferior and medial rectus muscle recession surgery, adjusted with the status of forced duction test. Due to pathological changes within the muscles subsequent to innervational abnormality, intraoperatively the inferior rectus muscle was pulled into two following the insertion of muscle hook. Moreover, the snapped muscle fibers could not be identified, thus further surgery was abandoned and an observation was commenced. At the end of 6 weeks, there was a significant reduction in the amount of hypotropia but clinically significant perverted convergence with esotropia necessitated further surgical intervention. A second surgical intervention consisting of medial rectus transposition to superior rectus with 3 mm recession was performed to achieve acceptable results in the primary gaze.

9.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Jun; 67(6): 948-949
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197305
10.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Apr; 67(4): 547-548
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197196

ABSTRACT

Surgical skill enhancement for the residents under training can be performed through various efforts. Here in this report, the authors describe a technique of corneoscleral perforation repair on goat's eye, as the tissue resemblance and the reality of experience while performing crucial steps are similar to human eyes. Beginning from tissue handling, optimal suture placement was taught with an intention to impart quality techniques of traumatic globe injury repair. Therefore, rather than training on expensive artificial eye model, training budding surgeons on goat's eye gives much more realistic tissue handling experiences in the presence of constant challenges almost similar to human eyes.

11.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2019 Apr; 67(4): 520-522
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-197188

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the superficial retinal vascular plexus density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in cases of strabismic amblyopia. Methods: Ten eyes of 10 patients with purely strabismic amblyopia underwent detailed ocular evaluation followed by the assessment of the superficial retinal plexus vascular density using OCTA (Topcon DRI OCT Triton, Swept Source OCT, Topcon, Japan). Ten contralateral normal eyes of the same patients were considered as control. All these 20 eyes underwent a 4.5 × 4.5 mm cube scan OCTA centered at the fovea. Using the Topcon propriety software all 20 eyes were assessed for the capillary plexus density of the superficial retinal vascular plexus along the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants centered at the fovea. The numerical values were statistically assessed using a paired t-test with respect to each quadrant between the normal and the pathological eyes. Results: The average age of patients was 16 years and eight patients were males. The mean superficial retinal vascular plexus density along the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants in normal and pathological eyes were 49.25 ± 30.34 and 48.93 ± 2.85, 47.22 ± 4.11 and 47.37 ± 4.8, 45.54 ± 1.55 and 43.81 ± 4.21, and 46.26 ± 4.63 and 46.38 ± 5.40, respectively. Similarly, the capillary densities along the central were 17.84 ± 3.49 and 17.24 ± 2.44 in normal and pathological eyes. The differences among all these four quadrants and central area were not statistically significant (P-values > 0.05 for all four quadrants and central area) as compared with the normal eyes. Conclusion: The superficial retinal vascular plexus density of a 4.5 × 4.5 mm cube centered at the fovea of eyes of cases of strabismic amblyopia is similar to that of normal eyes.

12.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Nov; 66(11): 1617-1618
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196968
14.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Sep; 66(9): 1370-1371
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196902

ABSTRACT

A 19-year-old male patient presented to the ocular emergency services with sudden onset of proptosis, pain, and bloody discharge. Further evaluation revealed bilateral visual acuity of finger counting close to face vision with an accurate projection of rays. Computed tomography scan of the head and orbit revealed diffuse orbital hemorrhage (mainly along the ocular coats) in the absence of any subperiosteal or intracranial hemorrhage. A complete hematological workup was done and it revealed decreased factor IX levels (9% of normal) consistent with hemophilia B (Christmas disease). The patient was managed medically with factor IX supplementation. At the end of 6 weeks, patient's visual acuity improved to 20/20 in both the eyes.

15.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Jul; 66(7): 999-1000
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196784
16.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Jun; 66(6): 837-840
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196740

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To review the nature of firecracker-related ocular injuries at a tertiary eye hospital in northern India following the firecracker ban and also to review the level of awareness among the victims. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study involving the patients presenting with firecracker-related ocular injuries from October 18 to 27, 2017 were assessed for demographic distribution, detailed ocular evaluation, and a questionnaire related to the awareness about the injuries. Results: A total of 68 patients were observed. Fifty patients (74.5%) were males. This year, a majority of patients were from outside Delhi. Uttar Pradesh constituted the most 38.23% of the patients followed by Haryana 30.88%, Delhi 23.5%, and Bihar 7.35%. Visual acuity varied from 6/6 to no perception of light. Open globe injury was observed in 56 patients (82.35%) who commonly had zone I injury. A significant number of patients (88.23%) were aware of firecracker-related injuries, and a large number of such injuries (58.8%) occurred in those who were not actively involved in the ignition of firecrackers but were in the vicinity. Conclusion: This year, following a ban, the number of firecracker-related ocular injuries reported from areas outside Delhi outnumbered as compared to within Delhi. However, firecracker-related ocular injuries are still a major cause of significant visual loss, especially involving the bystanders. Thus, firecracker-related celebrations should be monitored with a stringent protocol.

17.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Mar; 66(3): 447-448
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196642
18.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2018 Feb; 66(2): 328-329
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-196618

ABSTRACT

A 26-year-old healthy male patient's fundus revealed findings consistent with torpedo maculopathy. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed a dome-shaped elevation of the retina at the level of ellipsoid zone. On OCT angiography segmented at the level of the choriocapillaris, a cluster of convoluted fine vessels was seen, and further, deeper scans of the larger choroidal vessels showed a slower flow. From these observations along with the embryological correlation of choriocapillaris development, a possibility of an abnormality preventing proper fenestration of the choriocapillaris along the horizontal raphe being responsible for this anomaly is suggested.

19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-158079

ABSTRACT

Fruit samples of grapes were analyzed for pesticide residues, employing multi-residue analysis by gas- liquid chromatography-mass spectrography (GC-MS/ LCMS/ MS). All the fruit samples showed the presence of pesticide residues with one or other group of pesticides. Some of the grape samples contain more than the minimum residue limit. The increasing interest in the study of pesticides in grapes is justified from an enological point of view, since some pesticides can interfere with fermentative microflora used in wine production, as well as affect consumer safety. There were no significant differences between some pesticide levels found in the whole grape (skin and pulp) and in the grape skin. Chlorpyriphos, captan, dichlorovos, oxyfluorfen, fipronoil, 4- bromo-2-chlorophenol and indoxycarb were detected. Nevertheless, consumer intake of pesticides from grapes studied in this work should be decreased as a result of water washing of the grapes. In this paper, multiresidue determination of pesticides using GCMS/ LC-MS/MS are discussed

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL